Molar Pregnancy: What Is It?
A molar pregnancy is a rare complication where abnormal cells grow inside the uterus instead of a healthy placenta and embryo. It is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease and, while the word can sound frightening, it is important to know that it is highly treatable. Around one in 600 pregnancies in the UK is molar.
Table of Contents
Types and Symptoms of Molar Pregnancy
There are two types: a complete mole, where no embryo forms, and a partial mole, where an abnormal embryo may start to develop but cannot survive. Symptoms can include heavy or dark bleeding, severe morning sickness (due to very high hCG levels), a uterus that is larger than expected, and sometimes passing grape-like cysts. Molar pregnancies are usually detected at an early scan or after abnormal bleeding, and confirmed by examining the tissue after removal.
Diagnosis and Initial Treatment
A molar pregnancy is diagnosed through ultrasound and confirmed by histology after the tissue is removed, usually via a surgical procedure called ERPC (evacuation of retained products of conception). After removal, the tissue is sent to a laboratory to determine whether it is a complete or partial mole. You will then be referred to a specialist trophoblastic disease centre, usually in Sheffield or London, for hCG monitoring, which is essential to ensure no abnormal cells remain.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is a molar pregnancy cancer?
No, though in rare cases persistent cells require further treatment. Most resolve completely after removal.
2. What are the main symptoms?
Heavy or dark bleeding, severe sickness, and a rapidly growing uterus are the most common signs.
3. How common is a molar pregnancy?
Around one in 600 pregnancies in the UK, making it uncommon but not exceptionally rare.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always contact your midwife, GP, or maternity unit if you experience bleeding or pain in pregnancy. In an emergency, call 999.
Further reading:
Related articles:
- what-happens-after-molar-pregnancy.md
- chemical-pregnancy-what-is-it-guide.md
- blighted-ovum-causes-and-coping.md