Cats and Toxoplasmosis in Pregnancy: A Complete UK Guide
This complete UK guide explains what you need to know, when to seek help, and how to access the right care. Written by Nub Hub UK for expectant parents navigating pregnancy.
What is toxoplasmosis?
Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. It can be transmitted through contact with cat faeces, undercooked meat, unwashed vegetables, and contaminated soil. In healthy adults it usually causes mild or no symptoms, but if contracted for the first time during pregnancy it can pass to the baby and cause serious complications. Understanding how to reduce your risk is key.
Do I need to give up my cat?
Absolutely not. You do not need to rehome your cat during pregnancy. The risk of catching toxoplasmosis from a pet cat is very low, especially if your cat lives indoors and eats commercial cat food. Cats that hunt or eat raw meat are more likely to carry the parasite. If you have had a cat for years, you may already have been exposed and developed immunity, though this should not be assumed without testing.
Safe cat litter handling
The most practical step is to have someone else in your household change the cat litter tray daily. If you must do it yourself, wear disposable gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. The parasite does not become infectious until one to five days after the cat has shed it, so daily cleaning significantly reduces risk. Keep the litter tray away from food preparation areas.
Reducing risk from outdoor cats
If your cat goes outdoors, be cautious when gardening in areas where cats may have defecated. Wear gloves when handling soil and wash your hands before eating or touching your face. Avoid cleaning up stray or feral cat waste without gloves. Do not allow outdoor cats onto kitchen surfaces, and clean surfaces with hot soapy water regularly.
Other sources of toxoplasmosis
Cats are not the only risk. Undercooked or raw meat, particularly pork, lamb, and venison, is a common source of infection. Always cook meat thoroughly until no pink remains and juices run clear. Wash all fruit and vegetables before eating, and avoid unpasteurised goat milk products. Wear gloves when gardening and wash hands afterwards, regardless of cat ownership.
Testing and symptoms
Most toxoplasmosis infections cause no symptoms, though some people experience mild flu-like illness with swollen glands. Routine screening for toxoplasmosis is not offered on the NHS in most of the UK, unlike in some European countries. If you are concerned about exposure, ask your GP for a blood test. If infection is confirmed, treatment can help reduce the risk to your baby, so early detection matters.
Key takeaways
- What is toxoplasmosis?: covered above with practical, UK-specific guidance.
- Do I need to give up my cat?: covered above with practical, UK-specific guidance.
- Safe cat litter handling: covered above with practical, UK-specific guidance.
Always contact your GP, midwife, or local maternity unit if you are unsure about any symptom or treatment. This information is for general guidance and does not replace professional medical advice.
Nub Hub UK provides evidence-based pregnancy information for UK families. Always consult your healthcare team for personalised advice.